Posts Tagged ‘Age ratings’

It seems that governments and parents regularly become fixated on the content of games. They talk about gaming as though it is the corrupter of youth, the new source of society`s ills. Television and cinema are probably laughing themselves to sleep after being the target of similar complaints for the last thirty years because the news media has finally found a new target.

It is an easy way to score points for politicians: target the gaming industry as it is starting to establish itself and blame it for a social problem to distract the voting populous from real issues. It isn’t only politicians, as lawyers defending young clients grasp for evidence to support their plea of diminished responsibility also find gaming a convenient scapegoat.

Before games it was Video Nasties. Older readers from the UK will remember the James Bulger case of the early nineties. The three-year-old Bulger was abducted and brutally murdered by two ten-year-old boys. During the court case (which resulted in the two boys being given life sentences with a minimum of ten years to be served) it came to light that the boys had seen a number of violent horror movies. Particular attention was drawn to Child’s Play 3, as it was cited as the their inspiration for the killing.

But let us take a step back from this. At school both boys` behavior had been noted as attention seeking. One was also reported to have acted hysterically, displaying an immense amount of hostility and denial of his abusive home life, while the other allegedly was in the grip of a controlling and demanding family. Neither had ideal home lives and it appears both were exposed to adult movies with no adult influence in their lives to put what they were seeing into any kind of context. Thus while perhaps the movie provided a stimulation, or even a catalyst to the boys action, in isolation it was far from the root cause.

Many children just do not have the counterbalance of thoughtful parents to help them manage their own aggression.

Let us assume for a moment that games, movies, and television actually do lead children to violence. Gaming has time and time again proven to be far ahead of other media in its self-policing of content by producing its [not it's] own ratings system and by approaching the BBFC film classifications board to provide a legally enforceable classification when this was felt to be insufficient (in the UK at least). Combined with the fact that game stores have been proven the most vigilant of all media outlets in their distribution of products to minors and it makes you wonder why gaming is currently the press` entertainment target of choice.

I would hazard a guess that it hinges on the fact that many people don’t know what games really contain. It is a new form of entertainment, especially in its current form. The same thing happened with anime when it made its way to the West. All parents saw were the children`s cartoons of their youths and this blinded them to the subject matter (and graphic content) contained within films such as Akira. When parents finally noticed what their children where watching it was already too late, but it did not spark an outbreak of violence. It may have proved upsetting to some younger viewers, but assuming they were mentally balanced with a supportive family the images never led to further distress.

The same can now be said of games. Parents see these games and assume they are all Mario or Pac-man. As with anime, they neglect to educate themselves on the content or heed warnings from regulating bodies. They buy games for their children and the ones who are unbalanced or who lack the support of a loving family see the games and use them as a point of departure, or inspiration, for preexisting violent tendencies. Then those parents who were unaware of their offspring’s volatile nature look for something to blame other than their own shortcomings or imbalances in their children’s mental health.

When we talk about the media we expose our children to it is always the big stuff, children who are exposed to entertainment that is not explicitly for them. We neglect the smaller things that are supposedly aimed at a younger audience. We overlook the age at which our children are exposed to violence as a solution to problems. Many cartoons rely on this. In a world where conflict is everywhere resolution has to be taught and the most understandable, visually exciting, and direct method is a physical confrontation. I watched He-Man from an incredibly young age. No one gave it a second thought but he never sat down and worked out his differences with Skeletor. He never tried to find a common ground. I probably wouldn’t have watched if he had.

The life’s work is to learn that most things, and most of us, are a mixture of both, and a full-blooded relationship means coping with the good and bad. Babies are full of aggression, which they need to make them feel powerful in the face of terrible anxieties: if they are not helped with the aggression by parents who can think about their worries and decontaminate them a bit, or by parents who augment it by being aggressive in return, or by being so frightened of it that their fear is fed back to the baby, then they are very vulnerable.

The Japanese kindergarteners I teach all watch Anpanman. He is a talking flying bread roll, initially conceived to entice kids to eat bread. My students run around hitting each other (and me) yelling “Anpan-PUNCH”, because that how nearly every episode concludes and how all the show`s problems are resolved. Yes, he is fighting to uphold morally righteous goals, but children often believe they are morally right in their actions. I can think of very few games designed for an audience of a similar age that teaches the same lessons. For the most part titles explicitly aimed at a preschool audience are learning tools.

Games of course do have one big difference from other entertainment: all games offer a degree of choice. Some argued when games such as Manhunt 2 for Wii were being rated that somehow the motion controller added a greater level of visceral involvement. I suspect that such things do not pose a real problem. It is when players truly have a choice in their actions that the medium could become more affecting to a younger audience. But games that offer reprehensible actions in such an open environment are always classified for older audiences, and may even serve as an outlet for some individual’s aggression. They do not create the desire to commit violence, but perhaps they inspire a method in which to enact their fantasies.

People assimilate everything they see in some fashion. Children do so even more than others as they lack the filters of more mature (psychologically balanced) individuals. It is the context and teaching around the actions that are assimilated that makes the difference. The responsibility of this lies with parents, families and (to a lesser extent) teachers and the community they are raised in. As long as industries supply the basic tools for everyone to make informed decisions, and parents are vigilant of their children’s media consumption then there is no entertainment that is any more harmful than another. It is tempting for all however in the wake of some current events to look for someone else to blame, because the alternative is to say that families and society are failing these children in need of help.

We happily transport our own less comfortable feelings into another and then attack them – that is the basis of racism and bullying – we project our feelings of fear and tininess into the fat kid in the corner and then have a go at him.

All quotes from Suzanne G Beech – Child Psychotherapist.

In order to appeal to the wider audience games have adopted a broader range of themes. Now games range in tone as vastly as all other forms of entertainment. Gaming has it’s ‘High School Musical’s and ‘Saw’s. With adult content now in the mix the need for age classifications has become an even greater necessity. Where parents were once able to by games with impunity for their children now they need guidance to ensure that a game’s content is appropriate.

In most are countries classifications are handled by game industry groups. This self regulation has been embraced by retailers and has negated the need of external regulation. The UK release of Mortal Kombat in 1992 gave the regulating group ELSPA its first high profile challenge. MK’s digitized characters drew a lot of attention for their realism. This made the brutality of the game all the more disturbing to parents and sensationalist media. ELSPA’s rating of the game demonstrated to the public that while content may now be unfitting to what was considered a traditional gaming audience; the industry was regulating its content responsibly.

The attention that MK attracted has been repeated numerous times since. Big M rated releases frequently garner negative media attention. Cynics may attribute this to the fact such games are high profile. To concerned parents however these are the games that they want scrutinised. These are the games their children want. Ideally the government and press would provide answers to these parents fears. Instead they give knee jerk reaction to fragments of games. They lose the context, making single elements seem gratuitous.

Parents are besieged by offspring desperate to play the latest game. They need help. Games require a huge time investment and fluency in the interface to fully appreciate so groups like the American ESRB do their best to express the appropriateness of contents using descriptors. Unfortunately there remains the issue of context. Take a descriptor such as ‘sexual content’. Is it with in a relationship, is it relevant to the plot or is it merely for titillation? It makes a huge difference to a parent when deciding is appropriate for their child. Sites such as ‘What They Play’” realise this and try to provide context.

But the parents have to want this help. The worry is always that too many parents don’t care. A recent UK study demonstrated that these concerns are well founded (in some regions). Unaware, or uncaring, parents do not make use of the tools the industry provide, yet continue to be outraged by media reports.

One of the most powerful weapons available to a parent is to forbid access. This is different from pretending kids won’t ever find a way to play a game, but it demonstrates that it is not approved of. Most families just don’t have time to sit together and explain that picking up a hooker, making use of her ‘services’ and then running here over to get your money back is not acceptable behavior. So the act of ‘banning’ a game maybe the best way to demonstrate that some actions portrayed are not condoned.

But all children are different. Their maturity varies and so too do the values of their parents. The recourses exist for ‘good’ concerned parents to judge the appropriateness of a game. Those who make this effort to learn about what their kids want to play are now sufficiently equipped to decide if a game supports the values they want to nurture. But how many people will go to this effort when they can simply, mindlessly, pick an extreme?

Busy week. The combination of gaming, birthday parties and work left both I and Darren tired, unfocused and recording later than usual. There was a plan for the podcast formed at some point during the week but in honesty only about half of that plan could be salvaged from my sleep deprived consciousness.

Fortunately Darren did manage to line up an interview (mentioned last week). To accompany this we also have some clips from the upcoming DoFussUS podcast with Jad and Chad.

Most of the regular segments are still in too. There’s a lot of what we’ve been playing and the usual news. The main topic (such as it is) focuses on game age rating and their effectiveness as guidance for parents. Unfortunately we were a little short of time today so no Darrens Old Games, so if you were looking forward to the Robocop 3 retrospective you are all out of luck till next time.

I hope you enjoy it and as always feel free to comment, leave feedback or write an iTunes review.